聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/聚（乙烯-乙烯醇）共混膜的制备及其油水分离性能

摘要

PVP/EVAL-blend-membranes-were-prepared-by-blending-PVP-with-poly(ethylene--covinyl-alcohol)-(EVAL)-via-immersion-precipitation-and-were-used-to-separate-the-oil/water-emulsion.-The-chemical-structure,morphology,mechanical-performance-and-hydrophilicity-of-PVP/EVAL-blend-membranes-were-characterized-by-FTIR-ATR,scanning-electron-microsco-py,tension-test-and-water-contact-angle-measurement.-The-effect-of-PVP-content-on-the-separa-tion-performance-of-oil/water-emulsion-was-investigated.-The-results-indicate-that-PVP-content-had-a-distinct-effect-on-the-morphology-of-PVP/EVAL-membranes.-The-tensile-strength-and-elon-gation-at-break-of-PVP/EVAL-blend-membrane-with-10-wt%-(the-mass-percent-of-PVP-in-the-casting-solution)-PVP-were-1.88-and-1.34-times,respectively,of-that-of-pure-EVAL-membrane.-When-the-content-of-PVP-increased-to-4-wt%,oil/water-emulsion-flux-of-PVP/EVAL-blend-membrane-was-1.81-times-of-that-of-the-pure-EVAL-membrane.-The-rejection-ratio-was-92.2%,-slightly-higher-than-the-pure-EVAL-membranes.-When-the-content-of-PVP-increased-to-10-wt%,-the-flux-recovery-ratio-after-washing-increased-from-51%to-77.98%.%将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）与聚(乙烯-乙烯醇)（EVAL）共混，采用浸没沉淀法制备了PVP/EVAL共混膜，并用于油水乳液分离过程。通过全反射红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸试验、接触角测试等对膜的组成、结构形态、机械性能、亲水性进行了表征，并研究了PVP添加量对共混膜油水分离性能的影响。结果表明：添加PVP能较显著地改变EVAL膜的结构，且共混膜的机械强度和亲水性得到明显改善，当PVP添加量为10 wt%（PVP在铸膜液中的质量分数）时，其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为纯EVAL膜的1.88倍和1.34倍。当PVP添加量为4 wt%时，油水分离稳定通量为纯EVAL膜的1.81倍，截留率为92.2%，比纯EVAL膜略高。PVP添加量为10 wt%的PVP/EVAL共混膜清洗后通量恢复率由纯EVAL膜的51%增至77.98%。