microRNA对骨形成的调控作用的研究进展

摘要

MicroRNAs ( miRNAs) are a class of noncoding single-stranded RNA molecules composed of approximately 20-24 nucleo-tides. These small miRNAs can negatively regulate gene expression through 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs bound to the tar-get genes. Bone organogenesis is a complex process, which involves the differentiation and crosslinking of multiple cell types for the formation and remodeling of the skeleton. The existing evidence indicates that miRNAs control multiple layers of gene regulation for bone development and postnatal functions. Currently, inhibition of mRNA translation by miRNAs has been regarded as an important regulator for bone development and homeostasis. This review focused on the current knowledge of miRNAs and their involvement in the regulation of bone formation and bone resorption.%microRNAs是一类由20~24个核苷酸组成的非编码单链RNA,通过结合于靶基因的mRNA的3’ UTR,负向调控基因表达。骨形成是一个复杂的过程,其中涉及了多种细胞的分化和交联来完成骨的形成和重塑。研究证明,miRNA调控骨发生发展和出生后的功能的多个层面。目前,miRNA已被认为是调控骨发育与维持骨稳态的重要调节因子。该文主要针对目前关于miRNA调控骨形成和骨吸收的研究及其进展作一综述。