纺织品在加工的过程中会引起多种有害元素的污染,为了监控纺织品的质量,建立了微波辅助稀硝酸萃取结合电感耦合等离子体发射光谱同时测定纺织品中砷、锑、铅、镉、铬、钴、铜、镍、汞等九种有害元素的检测新方法.通过萃取剂的筛选和萃取条件的优化,最终确定了用5％的硝酸30 mL作为萃取剂,萃取时间为5 min,萃取温度为120℃,仪器功率为400 W作为微波辅助萃取条件.并用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱对萃取出的九种有害元素总量进行检测.结果显示:本方法的检出限在2.25～112.5 μg·kg-1之间,对加标样品的萃取率为73.6％～105％,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=3)为0.2％～1.7％.本方法已成功用于棉布、毛料、涤纶、腈纶四种纺织品样品的检测.%Textiles are easily contaminated by heavy metals in the course of processing. In order to monitor the quality of textiles, a new method was developed for simultaneous determination of arsenic, antimony, lead, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel and mercury in textiles by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after microwave-assisted dilute nitric acid extraction. After optimizing extraction conditions, we ultimately selected 5% nitric acid as extractantand 5 min as extraction time with the extraction temperature of 120 °C and instrument power of 400W in the microwave-assisted extraction procedure. Nine hazardous elements were detected sequentially by ICP-OES. The results showed that the detection limits were 0. 3～15 μg ? L-1 and the recoveries 73. 6%~～105% with the RSDs (n=3) of 0. 1%~3%. The proposed method was successfully used to determine nine elements in cotton, wool, terylene and acrylic.
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