云南楚雄新发现粘土矿中主要矿物组成分析

摘要

To analyze the main mineral composition of the newly found clay minerals in Chuxiong,Yunnan and to determine whether the major minerals are attapulgite clay,this paper conducts tests and researches with infrared spectrum and X-ray fluorescence spectrum on the five kinds of the newly found clay samples.In terms of the infrared spectrum of five samples,the absorption band at 3 437 cm-1 is the hydroxyl vibration caused by the water of crystall ization in attapulgite clay,the absorption band at 3 651 and 3 621 cm-1is symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration caused by the hydroxyl of the structure water connected with Mg,Al octahedral on the edge of the hole of att apulgite clay;The absorption peak at 3 699 cm-1 is hydroxyl stretching v ibration with internal structure between the tetrahedral and octahedral structur e of Mg,Al connected;absorption peak at 1 633 cm-1 is the hydroxyl b ending vibration absorption peak of the structure and absorption water,Absorpti on peak at 1 010 cm-1 is the bond's (Si-O)characteristic peak of cova lent bond (Si-O-Al),Absorption peak at 913 cm-1 is dioctahedral hyd roxyl (Al2OH) deformation of the vibration characteristic absorption peak,ne ar the absorption band at 536 and 536 cm-1 is the bond's (O-Si)charact eristic peak of covalent bond (Si-O-Si).The experiments showed that clay mi nerals of five samples contain higher composition of attapulgite clay,It is fo und that infrared spectra of three black sample ware compare with spectrum of attapul gite clay similarity in more than 93％,three black samples containing compositi on of attapulgite clay is very high;the five kinds of attapulgite clay samples may be attapulgite clay minerals.The attapulgite clay formula of attapulgite clay samples is mainly Al5Si8O20(OH2)4·4H2O.%为了分析云南楚雄新发现粘土矿中主要矿物组成,确定其主要矿物是否是凹凸棒石粘土,对其五种样品进行了红外光谱与X射线荧光光谱的测试与研究.结果发现,3 437 cm-1处的吸收带是凹凸棒石粘土中的结晶水的羟基振动引起的,3 621和3 651 cm-1处的吸收带是与凹凸棒石粘土孔道边缘的Mg,Al八面体相连的结构水的羟基的对称和不对称伸缩振动产生的;3 699 cm-1处的吸收峰是与结构内部的四面体结构和八面体之间的Mg,Al相连羟基的伸缩振动;1 633 cm-1处的吸收峰是结构水与吸收水羟基弯曲振动的吸收峰;1 010 cm-1处的吸收带是共价键Si-O-Al的Si-O键的特征峰,913 cm-1处的吸收带是二八面体的羟基(Al2OH)的变形振动的特征吸收峰. 表明: 粘土矿的五种样品均含有较高凹凸棒石粘土成分;三种黑色样品的中红外光谱与谱库中凹凸棒石粘土谱图比对的相似度在93％以上,三种黑色样品含凹凸棒石粘土成分很高,五种粘土矿样品的主要矿物均是分子式为Al5Si8O20(OH2)4·4H2O的凹凸棒石粘土粘土矿样品的凹凸棒粘土的.