外来入侵生物福寿螺的防控及利用研究

摘要

The integrated control measures, such as collecting apple snails and the eggs in the rice field, feeding ducks to peck snails, scientific irrigation and rational using molluscicide, were used to control Panacea canaliculate in 2010 and 2011. The overall control efficiency was up to 89.61 % -92.52 % , and seedlings alive rate was between 59.59 % to 80.39 % .saved the economic loss for 553.21 yuan/mu. Meanwhile, the screening result of the flora-originated molluscicide showed that the leaf ethanol extract of Corlaria sinica had obvious virulence to Pomacea canaliculata. The mortality of adult and yong apple snails was 100 % when they were put into 5 mgriL solution of ethanol extract for 12 hours. In addition, good progress had been achieved in using Pomacea canaliculata as protein forage and extracting digestive enzymes from the apple snail to make enzymic preparations. With apple snails forage fed the chicken, the eggs in treatment group by the long diameter, short diameter and quality of eggs were 5.91 % , 3.62 % and 16.52 % compared with the control group.%2010、2011年通过采取捡螺摘卵、科学管水、养鸭食螺、科学施药等综合措施进行福寿螺防控,总体灭螺效果可达89.61％～92.52％,保苗率达到59.59％～80.39％,挽回经济损失8298.15元/hm2.通过杀螺活性植物的筛选,马桑叶乙醇提取物对福寿螺杀灭作用显著,质量浓度为5 mg/mL的乙醇提取物溶液中,成螺和幼螺12 h死亡率均为100％.提取福寿螺消化酶制作酶制剂及利用福寿螺蛋白质作饲料等方面均取得了较好的成效.另外,用福寿螺饲料喂养的土鸡,所产鸡蛋的长径、短径和重量均分别超过对照组鸡蛋5.91％、3.62％和16.52％.