铁、钼营养对毛苕子苗期根瘤及植株生长生理的影响

摘要

[目的]为探明铁、钼营养对毛苕子苗期根瘤及植株生长生理的影响.[方法]以云南省曲靖市的毛苕子地方品种为材料,采用无土栽培的方法,在去除铁盐和钼盐的Hoagland's营养液中分别或同时加入0.01 mmol/L钼酸钠和0.2 mmol/L硫酸亚铁,研究铁、钼营养对毛苕子苗期根瘤及植株生长生理的影响.[结果]铁、钼营养显著增加了毛苕子根瘤数目和重量,其中单独钼处理效果最好,在播种后的第105天时其根瘤数和根瘤重量分别高于对照近100％和150％;铁、钼营养使毛苕子的茎长度和生物量有不同程度的降低,根长度和根冠比则显著增大,其中铁处理和复合处理后茎长的降低幅度大干钼处理,而钼处理后根长的增幅最大;施用铁肥和钼肥后,分别显著提高了毛苕子植株的铁和钼含量,氮、可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量也均有不同程度的提高,其中单独施铁的提高幅度最大,而磷含量有不同程度的降低,降幅最大的是铁处理;施用铁、钼营养90 d后,毛苕子可溶性糖含量显著降低,施用钼肥降低了毛苕子植株淀粉的含量,施用铁肥则增加了其淀粉含量;此外,本研究还发现施用铁、钼肥后降低了毛苕子SOD活性和增强了POD活性.[结论]施用铁、钼肥可以促进毛苕子苗期根瘤及植株生长.%[Objective]The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of ferrum,molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and plant physiological growth of Vicia villosa in seedling stage.[Method] A local cultivar,Vicia villosa from Qujing city,Yunnan province was used as experiment materials using the method of no soil cultivation,adding 0.01 mmol/L sodium molybdate and 0.2 mmol/L ferrous sulfate respectively or simultaneously in the Hoagland's nutrient solution of removal ferrum and molybdenum salt.The effects of ferrum,molybdenum nutrition on root nodule and growth physiology of Vicia villosa seedling stage were studied.[Result] Ferrum and molybdenum significantly increased root nodule number and weight,and the effect of separate molybdenum treatment was the best,in the 105 days after sowing the root nodule number and weight of separate molybdenum treatment were higher than that of control nearly 100 ％ and 150 ％.Ferrum and molybdenum nutritions made the stem length and biomass of Vicia villosa had varying degrees of decreased,and root length and root/shoot ratio increased significantly,stem length with ferrum treatment and composite treatment reduced to a greater extent than that with molybdenum treatment,and root length with molybdenum treatment increased maximum.After the application of the ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer,the contents of ferrum and molybdenum significantly improved,and the content of nitrogen,soluble protein and free amino acid also had varying degrees of increased,the separate application of ferrum increased greatly,and phosphorus content had different degrees of decreased,the biggest drop was single ferrum fertilization treatment in Vicia villosa.Apply ferrum and molybdenum fertilizer after 90 days,the soluble sugar content decreased significantly,and appling molybdenum fertilizer reduced the starch content,and application ferrum fertilizer increased the starch content.In addition,the study also found that the application of ferrum,molybdenum fertilizer decreased the SOD activity and enhanced the POD activity in Vicia villosa.[Conclusion] The application of ferrum,molybdenum fertilizer could promote the root nodule and plant growth.