连续施用炭基肥对花生土壤性质和产量的影响

摘要

A site-specific long-term plot experiment was used to study the effect of continuous application of biochar-based slow-release peanut dedicated fertilizer and organic manure on the soil physical and chemical properties and yield under peanuts continuous cropping. The results showed that the application of biochar-based slow-release fertilizer could improve the contents of N, P, K and the production of peanuts. After three years of continuous application, the production of the treatment with application of biochar-based slow-release peanut dedicated fertilizer reached a maximum of 6 488 kg/ hm2 , which was higher than other treatments significantly. Application of biochar-based fertilizer could increase the content of soil organic matter, total potassium and available potassium much more than other treatments, but there were no significant difference on improving soil total nitrogen, available nitrogen, and the effect on total phosphorus was less than other treatments. With the increasing of planting years with application of biochar-based fertilizer, pH declined. The effects of application of pig manure with chemical fertilizer or corn stover with chemical fertilizer were better to prevent soil acidification than biochar-based fertilizer.%通过田间微区定位试验,研究施用炭基缓释花生专用肥及不同有机肥配施化肥对连作花生土壤理化性质及产量的影响。结果表明,采用炭基缓释肥可以明显提高土壤氮磷钾养分含量和花生产量。连续施用3年后,炭基缓释花生专用肥处理产量达到最高,为6488 kg/ hm2,且显著高于其他处理方式。施用炭基肥在提高土壤有机质、全钾、速效钾含量方面效果优于其他处理方式；在提高土壤全氮、碱解氮含量方面效果与其它处理方式相差不大。而在提高土壤全磷方面炭基肥效果不如其它处理。同时,施用炭基肥在维持土壤 pH 值效果上略差于其他处理,随着种植年限的增加 pH 值有所下降；而猪粪配施化肥和玉米秸秆配施化肥处理在防止土壤酸化方面效果较好。