曲靖红壤烟区有效镁、速效钾交互作用对烤烟钾、镁、钙吸收及品质的影响

摘要

连续两年采用田间实地调查及室内化验分析的方法,分析了云南曲靖不同县 (市) 烟区土壤有效镁、速效钾含量状况及其交互作用对烤烟钾、钙、镁含量、化学成分和评吸指标的影响,结果表明:曲靖中海拔红壤烟区土壤有效镁平均含量314.10 mg·kg-1,变幅32.64 ~1402.00 mg·kg-1,会泽烟区有效镁含量高达711.25 mg·kg-1;速效钾平均含量197.95 mg·kg-1,变幅21.63~718.92 mg·kg-1,除陆良县外,其他各县 (市) 土壤速效钾含量均处于中等至高等含量范围.烤烟镁含量随土壤有效镁含量的升高而显著增加,烤烟钾含量随着土壤速效钾含量的升高先降低后显著增加,烤烟钙含量随两者变化不显著;交互作用对烤烟钾、镁、钙含量及K/(Mg+Ca) 有显著影响.土壤有效镁、速效钾交互作用对烤烟品质影响较大,在土壤有效镁含量处于中、低水平( <100 mg·kg-1),土壤速效钾含量处于适宜及以上水平 ( >150 mg·kg-1) 时,烟叶品质表现最好.%An experiment of field investigation and laboratory analysis were conducted to study the status of soil available magnesium and potassium and the interaction effects in red soil in the middle altitude region in Qujing. Typical samples of flue-cured tobacco leaves and plough-layer soils were collected, Mg, K, Ca contents, chemical composition and smoking index of flue in tobacco leaves, available potassium, magnesium content were measured. The results showed that the aver-age soil available Mg content was 314.10 mg·kg-1, with the range of 32.64~1 402.00 mg·kg-1in Qujing red soil, while the average content available Mg in Huize was as high as 711.25 mg·kg-1, and the content of available potassium was 197.95 mg·kg-1, with a range of 21.63~718.92 mg·kg-1. Except Luliang County, the contents of the soil a-vailable potassium in other counties were ranged from moderate to high level. The content of Mg of flue-cured tobacco in-creased significantly with the content of soil available Mg, and the content of K of flue-cured tobacco decreased firstly and then increased significantly with soil available K content increase, the change of the content of Ca of flue-cured Tobacco with the two contents was not significant; the interaction of content had a significant effect on K, Mg and Ca contents and K/(Mg+Ca) of flue-cured tobacco. The interaction of soil available magnesium and potassium had great influence on the quality of flue-cured tobacco, the quality flue-cured tobacco leafs was the best when the soil available Mg content was in the middle and low level ( <100 mg·kg-1), and the content of available K in soil was above the suitable level ( >150 mg·kg-1).