微型电动汽车用开关磁阻电动机的设计与控制

摘要

针对微型电动汽车运行工况和驱动性能要求,设计了一种开关磁阻电动机,通过采用有限元对电机结构进行了设计、分析和优化,并构建了基于开关磁阻电动机的驱动控制系统.在控制策略上采用双闭环调速系统:速度环采用PI控制、电流环采用角位置控制与电流斩波控制相结合的方法,有效减小了电机的转矩脉动.理论建模仿真和样机实验表明,该电机在低压大电流的工作条件下,具有动态性能好、起动转矩大等优点,能满足微型电动汽车频繁起动、加速、爬坡等动力性能要求,在微型电动汽车中具有潜在的应用前景.%A switched reluctance motor(SRM) was designed based on the operation conditions of the micro EV and driving performance requirements. The design and analysis and optimization of the motor structure was achieved by the finite element analysis (FEA) ,and then a drive system of the SRM was built. The double close-loop control tactic was adopted in this system;the PI algorithm was used in the speed loop,while the current loop combined the angle position control (APC) and current chop control (CCC) , which efficiently reduced ripple of the torque. The model simulation and the test on the prototype show that this motor has the performance of good dynamic respond and large starting torque working in low voltage and large current situation, and satisfies the requirement of the micro EV for starting frequently, accelerating and climbing on slopes,which has potential application prospect in the micro EV.