新兵的应付方式、自尊水平与心理健康的关系

摘要

Objective To analyze the relationship between coping styles,self - esteem and mental health of recruits,to provide a theoretical basis for promoting their mental health. Methods A total of 421 recruits who enlisted in an army troops at the first time in summer and fall of 2013 were included in our study. We used the Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ),Self - Esteem Scale(SES), and Self Check List(SCL - 90)to evaluate their coping styles,self - esteem,and mental health,respectively. Results ①Compared with the recruits without siblings,recruits with siblings had lower scores in self - esteem and solving problem(t = - 2. 497,- 2. 445, P < 0. 05),and higher scores in total SCL - 90,self - blame and avoidance(t = 3. 353,2. 603,2. 229,P < 0. 05). The total scores of SCL - 90 in the countryside recruits were lower than those in the city recruits(t = 2. 291,P < 0. 05). ②Total score of SCL - 90 and scores of problem - solving,resorting and self - esteem showed positive correlation,and scores of blaming,fantasy,avoidance and rationalization showed negative correlation in coping styles questionnaire with their mental health(P < 0. 05). Self - blame,self -esteem,solving problem,fantasy,and rationalization were the factors of their mental health and those factors were in decreasing order.③Solving problem,rationalization,self - blame and fantasy affected mental health directly(r = - 0. 14,0. 11,0. 24,0. 21),solving problem,rationalization and self - blame affected mental health indirectly by self - esteem(r = 0. 35,0. 17,0. 36). Conclusion The mental health of recruits without siblings and countryside recruits were better. Coping styles could influence mental health directly,and self - esteem was a intermediate indicator between coping styles and mental health.%目的：分析新兵的应付方式、自尊与心理健康的关系，为促进其心理健康提供理论依据。方法抽取陆军某部队2013夏秋入伍2～3周的421名新兵为研究对象，采用应付方式问卷（CSQ）、自尊量表（SES）、症状自评量表（SCL -90）对其心理应付方式、自尊水平和心理健康状况进行团体施测。结果①独生子女新兵 SES、解决问题因子评分低于非独生子女（t ＝-2.497，-2.445，P ＜0.05），SCL -90总评分、自责与退避因子评分高于非独生子女（t ＝3.353，2.603，2.229，P ＜0.05）；城市新兵 SCL -90总评分高于农村新兵（t ＝2.291，P ＜0.05）。②新兵心理健康水平与解决问题、求助、自尊呈正相关（P ＜0.05），与自责、幻想、退避、合理化呈负相关（P ＜0.05）；对心理健康水平影响大小依次是自责、自尊、幻想、解决问题、合理化因子。③解决问题、合理化、自责、幻想对心理健康产生直接影响（路径系数＝-0.14，0.11，0.24，0.21），解决问题、合理化、自责通过自尊中介对心理健康产生间接影响（路径系数＝0.35，0.17，0.36）。结论非独生子女与农村新兵心理健康水平较高，应付方式对新兵心理健康产生直接预测作用，自尊是应付方式与心理健康的中间变量。