舰艇舱室封闭环境中挥发性化合物分析

摘要

采用几种不同的方法对舰艇舱室封闭环境中的挥发性有机化合物进行检测,建立低浓度挥发性有机化合物采样、预处理和分析方法.采用有液氮低温条件下预浓缩联合气相色谱分离,用氢火焰离子化检测器/脉冲火焰光度检测器(GC-FID/PFPD)检测大部分碳氢化合物和含硫化合物,用2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生管富集(DNPH)联合高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分离,用DAD检测器检测羰基类化合物.定量检测了27种组分,大部分物质浓度较低,在这些物质中一些低嗅阈值、高毒性组分如二甲基二硫醚首次检出,这些组分对舱室环境的影响不容忽视.通过低温冷阱浓缩和衍生富集浓缩的方法可以定量测定舰艇舱室封闭环境中的低嗅阈值、低浓度的挥发性有机化合物,检出限低,灵敏度高,是目前比较先进的舰艇舱室大气检测方法.%This paper mainly researched different methods to analyse volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the closed ship cabins,and established sampling,pretreatment and analysis method of different volatile organic compounds(VOC)in the cabin environment.The determination methods to the hydrocarbon and sulfur compounds are gas-chromatography with flame ionization detector/pulsed flame photometric detector(GC-FID/PFPD)preceding by cryogenic pre-concentration with liquid nitrogen.The determination methods to the carbonyl compounds are high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after deriving by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH).Altogether 27 components were quantified and most of the concentration was low.Nevertheless,some of these substances were in low odor threshold value and high toxic,such as dimethyl disulfide.These substances will severely impact the quality of atmosphere in the closed ship cabins.Through the cold trap concentration and derivative enrichment,volatile organic compounds of low olfactory threshold value and concentration can be quantified in the closed ship cabins.These advanced methods provide low detect limits and meet conventional determination demands.