船舶中的销轴结构在工作过程中的受力情况类似于一悬臂梁。船舶在航行过程中的激励载荷会使销轴上的支撑结构做轻微晃动，造成销轴末端受到较大应力，导致销轴结构疲劳寿命较差。为了提高某船用销轴结构疲劳寿命，改善其设计质量。本文构建销轴的三维结构，并采用有限单元法建立销轴结构双工况有限元模型，获得销轴结构应力分布以及销轴末端位移参数。并将随机载荷谱、疲劳寿命曲线、有限元法相结合，获得销轴结构在外界随机激励载荷情况下的疲劳破坏点，该方法同样可为船舶其余结构设计提供参考。%The pin of the ship structure is similar to a cantilever during operation of the forces. Excitation during the ship voyage will resulting a slight shaking of the pin supporting structure,this will cause a great stress in the back of the pin shaft,and finally resulting in shaft fatigue. In order to improve the fatigue life of a pin structure and improve its design quality. In this paper, we established the three-dimensiona model of the pin shaft structure and then its finite element model by using finite element method,and obtained the stress distribution and displacement parameters of the pin shaft. With the random load spectrum, fatigue life curve,the finite element method,the fatigue point of the pin shaft under external random excitation was finally obtained,this method can provide a reference for the similar structure design of ship.
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