通过跨区域的移民来解决本地农村剩余劳动力的就业，是我国城镇化发展的主要路径之一。人口的区域流动为流出地和流入地的经济社会发展都做出了贡献，但是近年来我国大部分地区出现了民工荒和招工难等现象，反映出人口结构和人口迁移的新变化。在宏观分析的基础上，结合若干地区的社会调研，以推拉模型作为研究框架，分析论证了人口流入地的“拉力”变化和人口流出地的“推力”变化。与城市拉力相对应，人口流入地的反推力在逐渐加大；与农村推力相对应，人口流出地的反拉力也在加强。顺应当下推力和拉力的双向变化，指出人口高流出地区在引导农村剩余劳动力外出务工的同时，也要积极通过产业的导入来顺应本地的人口结构，提高本地人口就业，即“移业就民”。最后，结合国家新型城镇化规划提出了若干的延伸探讨。%Seeking job opportunities in different regions for rural surplus labors is one of the paths of urbanization in labor-losing regions. Inter-regional migration contributes to economic and social development in labor-losing regions as well as labor-gaining regions, but in recent years the phenomenon of labor shortage appearing in eastern regions indicates new trends of population structure and migration. This paper, combining with macro statistical data and field surveys, imports push-and-pul model as an analysis framework and explores changes of pul factors from labor-gaining regions and changes of push factors from labor-losing regions. It finds that both counter-pul force from labor-gaining regions and counter-push force from labor-losing regions are increasing. Therefore, this paper, to echo such changes, points out that the labor-losing regions should import industries adapting local population structure when they steer labors migrating out for jobs. That is to say, the orientation should be changed from “labors moving for jobs” to “job moving for labors”. Final y, several further discussions have been proposed on considering the National New Urbanization Plan (2014-2020).
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