Rubber hardness is widely used and versatile in terms of measuring method. This article overviews the existing relevant standards for rubber hardness and introduces the principles and applicability of main measuring methods. Characteristics and development tendency of International Rubber Hardness Degree (IRHD) and Shore hardness are selected for analysis. These two kinds of hardness shall coexist for quite a long time in the future.% 橡胶硬度应用广泛且测量方法繁多，该文全面综述目前橡胶硬度相关标准，介绍橡胶硬度主要测量方法的原理和适用性，重点分析橡胶国际硬度和邵氏硬度特点、发展趋势并提出这两种硬度将在较长的时间内并存
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