目的：研究力竭游泳运动对小鼠前脑皮层和海马神经元功能的影响及其作用机制。方法：采用力竭游泳运动小鼠模型，检测反复（4周）力竭游泳运动后即刻（0小时）、12小时、24小时和1周小鼠前脑皮层、海马突触体膜流动性和突触体内游离 Ca2+浓度的变化，通过 Morris 水迷宫测试小鼠空间学习记忆能力。结果：反复力竭游泳运动后，与正常对照组小鼠比较，力竭运动组在12 h 和24 h 小鼠的逃避潜伏期（训练周期1）明显增加，第一象限停留时间明显减少，其空间学习记忆能力显著降低（P <0.01，P <0.05）；力竭运动组小鼠前脑皮层和海马突触体膜流动性在0 h、12 h 显著降低（P <0.01，P <0.05）；前脑皮层和海马突触体内游离 Ca2+浓度在0 h、12 h 和24 h 显著增加（P <0.05，P <0.01），力竭运动后1周前脑皮层和海马突触体内游离 Ca2+浓度明显恢复（P <0.05）。结论：力竭游泳运动所致小鼠空间学习记忆功能损伤以及运动性中枢疲劳的产生和恢复可能与突触体膜流动性和突触体内游离 Ca2+浓度的变化密切相关。%Objective:To study the effect of exhausted exercise on the prefrontal cortex( PFC) and hippocampus( HP)function and its mechanism. Methods:The repeatedly(4 weeks) exhausted exercise model mice were applied. The spatial learning - memory abilities of mice were tested,using Morris water maze task. The changes of synaptosomal membrane fluidity and [Ca2 + ]i of the PFC and HP in exhausted exercise mice brain were examined,at 0 h (immediately),12 h,24 h,respectively. Results:After repeatedly exhausted exercise,the escape latency was significantly increased and the swimming time of first quadrants were significantly decreased at 12 h,24 h in exhaustive exercise group mice(P < 0. 01,P < 0. 05). Compared with control mice,the ability of spatial learning and memory of the exhaustive exercise group mice were significantly reduced. The membrane fluidity of synaptosomes in PFC and HP of exhaustive exercise group mice were significantly decreased at 0 h and 12 h(P <0. 05,P < 0. 01),compared with control group mice. The synaptosomal[Ca2 + ]i in PFC and HP were significantly increased at 0 h,12 h and 24 h( P < 0. 05,P < 0. 01)in exhaustive exercise group mice. The[Ca2 + ]i in PFC and HP at 1 week were significant reduced than the exhaustive exercise 0 h group mice(P < 0. 05),respectively. Conclusion:The generation and recovery of exercise - induced central fatigue and the damage of spatial learning and memory function in mice after exhausted exercise which may be nearly related to the changes of membrane fluidity and[ Ca ]i of synaptosomes.
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