拥挤收费下出行者出行时段选择影响分析

摘要

With the sustainable growth of urban vehicles' ownership,it makes the road congestion become an increasingly serious problem.And it is an effective means to solve the urban road congestion by increasing the utilization rate of current road resources through congestion charging.Based on the theory of time-space consumption,the optimal pricing model of multi-time road network was established to achieve the maximum social welfare as the destination function and the corresponding algorithm was given in this paper.To the peak period,three different amounts of congestion charges were applied to get the influence on travelers' travel time.Finally,the algorithm case was analyzed to prove that when the time-space resources are fixed,congestion pricing has a significant effect on regulating the traffic volume distribution during normal periods and peak periods,and reducing the total traffic volume,thus relieving the traffic congestion in urban roads.%城市机动车保有量持续增加,使得道路拥挤问题日益严峻.通过拥挤收费增加当前道路资源的利用率是解决此问题的有效手段.本文基于时空消耗理论,以社会福利最大化为目标函数建立多时段路网最优定价模型并给出算法,对高峰期时段实行3种不同额度的拥挤收费,得出对出行者出行时段的影响结果.通过算例分析,得出在时空资源固定的情况下拥挤收费对调节高峰时段与平峰时段的交通量分布、减少总出行交通量有显著作用,进而可以缓解城市道路的交通拥堵问题.