冒口对钢锭凝固过程固相转变影响的数值模拟

摘要

The effects of the materials and height of riser on the solid phase transformation of steel in the solidification process of an steel ingot was simulated through a self designed model. The results showed that during the solidification process of the ingot, the transforming rate of steel from liquid to solid was fast and the width of the liquid/solid coexisting area was narrow nearby the side and bottom of mould, while the transforming rate of steel was slow and the width of the area was wide nearby the riser. Compared with the traditional clay brick, the applications of the light weight brick and the heat insulating shield not only would improve the heat insulating property of the riser but also slow down the increasing rate of temperature outside the riser. The effect of the height change of riser which was higher than the top surface of ingot on the transforming rate of steel nearby the riser in the solidification process was tiny.%通过自建模型模拟研究了冒口材质和高度对大钢锭凝固过程中固相转变的影响。结果表明：钢锭凝固过程中，锭模及底座附近的钢液发生相转变的速率较快且固液共存区宽度较窄，而冒口附近的钢液发生固相转变的速率较慢且糊状区较宽。相比于传统的黏土砖，轻质砖和绝热板均有助于改善冒口的保温性能，且均可减缓冒口外表面温度上升的速率。冒口高于钢液上表面部分高度的变化对于钢锭凝固过程中冒口附近钢液相转变速率的影响较小。