新建茶园不同间作模式及覆盖遮阴效应比较研究——种植模式Ⅱ:茶行南北走向

摘要

The effects of intercropping with maize, soybean and maize plus soybean and respectively and shading on the ecological environment, germination of tea seeds, growth and photosynthesis of tea plants were studied in young tea plantation with north - South direction of tea rows. The results were as follows, (1) When the tea plants were cultivated in north - south direction, the effect of intercropping maize was the best. In the tea garden intercropping with maize, the air temperature could reduce 1.71] compared with the CK; the daily mean light intensity reduced by 47.6% ; the daily mean air humidity increased by 15. 8% , and the soil moisture increased by 27.1% ; the germination time and growing season of tea seedlings were 8 and 11 days earlier respectively; the survival rate of tea seedlings increased by 22.4%. The growth indexes such as plant height, stem diameter, inter - node length and leaf area were all the best during the period of experiment. (2) Compared to each other, intercropping could substantially increase the air humidity more, but shading effectively decreased the light intensity and air temperature more when cultivated in north - south direction.%研究了在南北走向的茶行中间作玉米、大豆、玉米+大豆以及遮阴对山东新建茶园生态环境、茶籽萌发、茶苗生长以及光合作用的影响.结果表明:(1)在南北走向的茶行中以间作玉米的效果最好.与对照相比,间作玉米的茶园空气温度可降低1.7℃,日均光照强度降低47.6％,日均相对湿度增加15.8％,土壤含水量增加27.1％,茶苗的发芽期及全盛期分别提早8d和11d,茶苗成活率增加22.4％,株高、茎粗、节间长、叶面积各时期测定均表现最好；(2)与覆盖遮阴相比,间作更能提高茶园的空气湿度,但在南北走向下覆盖遮阴则更能有效降低茶园的光照和温度.