耕作方式对小麦生长及产量的影响

摘要

研究了常规耕地、旋耕、免耕3种耕地方式和有／无秸秆还田2种秸秆处理对小麦生长和产量的影响。结果表明：小麦生育前期常规耕地的叶面积指数较高，而后期免耕处理的叶面积指数较高；旋耕、免耕都降低小麦的株高；旋耕的小麦干物质积累量较常规耕地低7．2％，免耕的比常规耕地低17．7％；旋耕与常规耕地的小麦产量相当，而免耕减产10．8％。秸秆还田能提高小麦产量，尤其是旋耕处理，秸秆还田的增产达9．8％。%The effects of 3 tillage methods including conventional tillage , rotary tillage and no-tillage, and straw returning on wheat growth and yield were studied .The results showed that the leaf area index was higher at early growth stage of wheat under conventional tillage and at late growth stage of wheat under no -tillage.The plant height of wheat was reduced by rotary tillage and no -tillage.The dry matter accumulation of wheat under rotary tillage and no -tillage decreased by 7 .2%and 17 .7%respectively compared to conven-tional tillage.The yield of wheat under rotary tillage and conventional tillage were not different obviously , and it was reduced by 10.8% under no -tillage.Straw returning could increase yield of wheat ,especially under rotary tillage treatment,which was increased by 9.8%.