褐斑病抗性不同的两个苹果主栽品种叶片显微结构比较

摘要

苹果褐斑病主要危害叶片,可导致苹果早期落叶,对苹果树体和产量造成严重影响,而培育抗褐斑病的苹果品种是解决这一问题的根本途径.'秦冠'和'富士'是当前生产上对苹果褐斑病抗性水平差异较大的两个品种.本试验利用扫描电镜和石蜡切片法对褐斑病抗病品种'秦冠'和感病品种'富士'的叶片结构进行观察,结果表明,与'秦冠'相比,'富士'叶片上、下表面较粗糙,角质层明显偏薄,且气孔密度较大,推测二者对褐斑病的不同抗性水平可能与其叶片的结构特征有密切关系.%Apple brown spot disease mainly damages leaves which can lead to earlier defoliation and result in serious effects on apple tree growth and yield.Breeding resistant apple cultivars is the final way to solve this problem.Qinguan and Fuji are two main cultivars in apple production currently with great difference on resistant level to this disease.The leaf structure of the resistant cultivar Qinguan and the susceptible cultivar Fuji were observed by the method of scanning electron microscopy and paraffin.Compared with Qinguan, the leaf surface of Fuji in front and back side was much rougher, and the cuticle thickness was smaller, moreover, the stoma density was significantly larger.It was speculated that the different resistance to apple brown spot disease of these two cultivars might derived from their different structure characters in leaves.