播期和种植密度对冬小麦节水新品种衡S29产量及相关因素的影响

摘要

In order to clarify the high yield and efficiency cultivation technical measures of new winter wheat cultivar Heng S29,and provide a theoretical basis for large-scale application of the cultivar,the effects of sowing date and planting density on yield and its components were studied.The split-plot design was adopted in this trail including 5 sowing dates and 6 planting densities.The trail was carried out in dry-farming and water-saving experiment station,which located in Hujiachi Town in Shenzhou City of Hebei Province during 2014-2015.The results showed that the effects of sowing date on spike number per unit,kernels per spike,1 000-kernel weight and grain yield were significant.The effects of planting density on kernels per spike,1 000-kernel weight and grain yield were significant,while not significant on spike number per unit.With the delay of sowing date,the yield decreased.With the increase of planting density,the yield increased firstly and then decreased.Within certain limits,the spike number per unit and 1 000-kernel weight decreased with the delay of sowing date,but the kernels per spike increased;the kernels per spike and 1 000-kernel weight decreased with the increase of planting density.Comprehensive analysis showed that the suitable sowing date of Heng S29 was October 6th-17th,the best sowing date was October 6th-11 th,and the reasonable basic planting density were 2 700 ～3 300 thousand per hectare.%明确国审冬小麦新品种衡S29的配套高产高效栽培技术措施,可为该品种大面积应用提供理论依据,为此特进行不同播期和种植密度对该品种产量及其构成因素影响的研究.试验采用裂区设计,设5个播期和6个种植密度处理,于2014-2015年在河北省深州市护驾迟镇旱作节水试验站进行.结果表明:①播期对单位面积穗数、穗粒数、千粒重及产量有显著影响;种植密度对穗粒数、千粒重及产量有显著影响,但对单位面积穗数影响不显著.②产量随播期推迟而降低,随种植密度增加呈现先升高后降低趋势;在一定范围内,衡S29单位面积穗数和千粒重随播期推迟而减少,穗粒数随播期推迟而增加,穗粒数和千粒重随种植密度增加而降低.综合分析表明:衡S29适宜播期为10月6日-17日,最佳播期为10月6日-11日,最佳种植密度为270万～ 330万/hm2.