2005～2010年水痘患儿1405例流行病学及临床特征分析

摘要

Objective: To present the epidemic status and clinical characteristics of varicella in order to draw up a better prevention and control measure. Methods:This thesis select 1405 cases of varicella in children who were meet the clinical diagnostic criteria at the First Hospital of Xi'an from January 2005 to December 2010 and use retrospective research methods to make a count and analyze the season, age and clinical presentation of Varicella to summarize the clinical epidemiological characteristics. Results: The number of cases of varicella were respectively 360,317,262,178,176 and 112 from 2005 to 2010 and the total number were 1405 cases. Disease accounted for 30. 25% in winter and for 50. 04% in spring. School age and preschool age children accounted for 78% of the total number of cases. 75 patients who were vaccinated with live attenuated varicella vaccine have mild disease. Conclusion; Varicella incidence especially in winter and spring with decreasing tendency. It is happened more common with children at school age and preschool age. Inoculating the live attenuated varicella vaccine with the susceptible population is the most effective method to prevent and control the epidemic of Varicella.%目的:了解2005～2010水痘的流行现状及临床特点,以更好地制定防治措施.方法:选择符合临床诊断标准的1405例水痘患儿,用回顾性的研究方法,以年为单位统计分析水痘的发病季节、发病年龄和临床表现,总结其临床流行病学特征.结果:2005～2010年水痘的年病例数分别为360、317、262、178、176、112例,共计1405例.冬季发病占30.25%,春季发病占50.04%.学龄期和学龄前期儿童病例数占78%以上.75例接种过水痘减毒活疫苗的患儿病情轻微.结论:水痘有逐年减少的倾向,冬春季为高峰期,学龄期和学龄前期儿童多见.易感人群接种水痘减毒活疫苗,是预防控制水痘传染和流行的最有效方法.