Objective:To explore the relationship between the level of serum soluble tumor necrosis fac‐tor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and atrial fibrillation (AF) .Methods :The study enrolled 128 AF pa‐tients as the AF group and 100 healthy volunteers matched for age and gender were included in the trial as the control group .Baseline demographics and routine clinical data were collected for all the involved subjects and serum sTWEAK levels were measured with the sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method .Compared the serum sTWEAK levels between the AF group and control group or among AF patients with different clinical types .The associations between serum sTWEAK levels and left atrial diameter (LAD) were analyzed .Independent factors for the presence of AF were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis .Results:Serum sTWEAK levels were significantly higher in patients with AF than in controls (P<0 .05) ,but there was no significant differ‐ence among different gender groups (P>0 .05) .In subgroup analysis ,sTWEAK levels were significantly higher in patients with persistent and permanent AF compared to paroxysmal AF (P<0 .05) .The LAD of AF group was lar‐ger than control andsTWEAK level was positively correlated with LAD (P<0 .01) .In multivariate regression analy‐sis ,serum sTWEAK levelwas one of the independent predictors of AF .Conclusion:This study documents the ele‐vated sTWEAK in AF patients and sTWEAK level was positively correlated with LAD .%目的：探讨可溶性肿瘤坏死因子样凋亡弱诱导因子（sTWEAK）与心房颤动（房颤）的关系。方法：心房颤动组选取房颤患者128例，对照组选取年龄、性别相匹配的健康体检者100例。采用ELISA法测定血清sTWEAK水平，比较房颤组和对照组及房颤组不同临床类型间sTWEAK水平；采用相关分析的方法分析血清sTWEAK与左房内径（LAD）之间的关系。结果：房颤组患者sTWEAK水平明显高于对照组（P＜0．05）。不同临床类型房颤间血清sTWEAK水平比较发现，持续性房颤和永久性房颤较阵发性房颤组sTWEAK水平明显升高（P＜0．05）。房颤组LAD也明显高于对照组，且与sTWEAK呈正相关（P＜0．01）。结论：房颤患者sTWEAK水平明显升高，且与LAD呈正相关。
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