文义解释在法律解释方法中的优位性及其限度

摘要

文义解释是获得绝大多数法律人认同的最具基础性的法律解释方法，但当前有关文义解释含义和范围界定的分歧正在瓦解文义解释优位性的共识。文义解释要确证其在法律解释方法序列中的优位性，其自身就必须获得确定的内涵；其优位性的合法性根基则在于法治国体制架构；而对其合理界限的规则限制，则为其实践操作确立了规范性根据。文义解释正是基于其功能优势、积极后果和合理限度而对法治国持存具有构成性意义。%Literal interpretation, which has met universal approbation of lawyers, is the most fundamen-tal legal interpretative method. By now the general consensus about the proposition that literal inter-pretation takes top priority in the sequences of legal interpretative methods is about to be decon-structed with the divergence in the understanding of meaning and scope of literal interpretation in ac-ademic circles. Literal interpretation must be given complete connotation if its superiority in the se-quence of legal interpretative methods would be preserved, its legitimate basis lies in the architec-ture of law state, and the normative foundation of its practical application can be well established in virtue of defining its meaning limitation reasonably by the rule. It is just the advantages of promi-nent function and positive consequences that make literal interpretation constitutionally significant for the sustainability of law state.