黔产党参属和金钱豹属植物分子鉴定研究

摘要

探究适宜党参属和金钱豹属药用植物分子鉴定的DNA条形码候选序列.对11个物种53份样品的psbA-trnH、rbcL、matK及ITS 2序列进行PCR扩增、测序和Barcoding gap分析,比较各序列的扩增和测序效率,种内和种间变异,并采用BLAST 1和Nearest Distance方法评价不同序列的鉴定能力.结果显示,PCR扩增率均达100％,测序率除了matK外,其余的均为100％.种间变异ITS2最大,其余依次是matK、psbA-trnH及rbcL.种内变异matK最大,其余依次是rbcL、ITS 2和psbA-trnH.Barcoding gap图表明,4条序列种内和种间遗传变异重叠比例大,无明显的Barcoding gap.BLAST 1鉴定结果表明,rbcL鉴定率最高,其余依次是matK、ITS 2和psbA-trnH;Nearest Distance显示,rbcL和ITS 2鉴定率最高,达到100％,psbA-trnH最低,为60.3％.rbcL和ITS 2可用于党参属和金钱豹属药用植物及相关药材的分子鉴定条形码,matK可作为候选条形码.%The aim of the text was to study suitable DNA barcoding sequence to identify the plants of Codonopsis and Campanumoea.53 samples of 11 species from Codonopsis and Campanumoea were sampled.psbA-trnH,rbcL,matK and ITS 2 were amplified and sequenced.The PCR amplification and sequencing efficiency,intra-and inter-specific divergence and Barcoding gap were used to evaluate different loci.The identification efficiency was assessed by using BLAST 1 and Nearest Distance methods.Results showed that the PCR amplification rate was 100％,and the sequencing rate was 100％ except matK.Interspecific variation of ITS 2 was the largest,followed by matK,psbA-trnH and rbcL.Intraspecific variation of matK was the largest,followed by rbcL,ITS 2 and psbA-trnH.Barcoding gap indicated that there was a large overlap of intra-and inter-specific genetic variation among the four sequences,no obvious Barcoding gap.BLAST 1 identification results showed that rbcL had the highest identification rate,followed by matK,ITS 2 and psbA-trnH.Nearest Distance methods showed that identification rate of rbcL and ITS 2 was 100％,and identification rate of psbA-trnH was 60.3％.rbcL and ITS 2 could be used in molecular identification of Codonopsis and Campanumoea.In conclusion,matK could be used as a candidate's DNA barcoding.