“绿岭”核桃种仁充实期叶片与果实矿质元素含量变化规律

摘要

对早实核桃“绿岭”种仁充实期叶片与果实(种仁、青皮、硬壳)N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn等矿质元素含量和果实中不同组织质量的变化规律进行了研究,结果表明:“绿岭”种仁充实期坚果与种仁质量以及脂肪和总蛋白总量分别增加了5.91 g(51.39％)、5.53 g(73.47％)、4.24 g(80.99％)、1.02 g(69.24％).叶片N,K,Fe,Mn含量均呈下降趋势,P,Mg,Zn含量呈上升趋势,Ca含量先降低再升高.种仁中N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn含量均成降低趋势,种仁中N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn的总量均呈增加趋势.青皮中N,P,Fe,Mn含量呈下降趋势,K,Ca,Mg,Zn含量先升高后降低.硬壳中N,P,Zn含量都呈下降趋势,K含量先升高后降低,Ca,Mg含量逐渐上升,Fe,Mn含量变化不大.种仁内脂肪总量与种仁中N,P,Fe,Mn,Zn总量呈极显著性正相关；与叶片中N,K,Mn,青皮中N,硬壳中P,Zn含量呈极显著性负相关；与青皮中P,Fe,Mn,硬壳中N含量呈显著性负相关.%In order to realize scientific fertilization and achieve successive high and stable yield, we investigated changes in main mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn) in leaves and fruits (kernel, shuck, shell) and weight in different organs of fruits during the kernel-filling period of "Loling" walnut, an early-fruiting variety. The results showed that; nut and kernel weight, as well as gross fat and total protein in the kernel increased by 5. 91 g( 51. 39% ) , 5. 53 g (73.47%), 4. 24 g(80. 99%), 1.02 g(69. 24%) respectively during the kernel-filling period. N, K, Fe and Mn contents in the leaves had a decreasing tendency, P, Mg, and Zn contents had an increase trend, and Ca content decreased at the early stage and then increased. In the kernel, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn contents had a decreasing tendency, while their gross had an increasing tendency. In the shuck, P, Fe and Mn contents had a decreasing tendency, while K, Ca, Mg and Zn increased at the early stage and then decreased. In the shell, N, P and Zn contents showed decreasing tendency, K content increased at the early stage and then decreased, Ca and Mg content increased gradually, and Fe and Mn had no significant change. The gross of fat in the kernel was significantly and positively correlated with the gross of N, P, Fe, Mn, Zn in the kernel, and significantly and negatively with the contents of N, K, Mn in the leaves, the contents of N in the shuck, and the contents of P, Zn in the shell. There existed significant negative correlations between the gross of fat in the kernel and the contents of P, Fe, Mn in the shuck, and between the gross of fat in the kernel and the contents of N in the shell.