大兴安岭低质阔叶混交林不同改造模式综合评价

摘要

在大兴安岭低质阔叶混交林中建立不同宽度的带状改造试验区和不同面积的块状改造试验区，选取生物多样性、枯落物持水特性、土壤物理性质、土壤化学性质、土壤碳通量和更新苗木生长状况等33项指标，运用主成分分析法综合评价不同改造模式的改造效果。结果表明：顺山带状皆伐改造模式优于块状改造模式，对于带状改造样地，不同带宽的改造效果依次为10 m带宽＞6 m带宽＞18 m 带宽＞14 m 带宽，对于块状改造样地，不同面积的改造效果依次为100 m2＞25 m2＞225 m2＞400 m2＞900 m2＞625 m2，其中10 m 带宽顺山带状改造模式和100 m2块状改造模式最适宜大兴安岭阔叶混交低质林，其改造效果明显优于其他改造模式。%Strip transformation test zone with different bandwidths and block transformation test zone with different sizes were established in low-quality mixed broad-leaved forest in Daxing’an Mountains,and principal component analysis was applied to comprehensively evaluate the ecological improvement models with the selection of 33 indicators such as biodiversity,water holding characteristics of litter,soil physical properties,soil chemical properties,soil carbon flux and seedling growth status,etc. The results showed that: strip clear-cutting along the hillside transformation model was better than block clear-cutting transformation model,for the strip clear-cutting transformation,the effect of different bandwidths were 10 m bandwidth > 6 m bandwidth > 18 m bandwidth > 14 m bandwidth plots, for the block clear-cutting transformation,the effect of different sizes were 100 m2 >25 m2 >225 m2 >400 m2 >900 m2 >625 m2 ,strip along the hillside transformation with 10 m bandwidth model and block transformation with 100 m2 model were most appropriate to Daxing’an Mountains broad-leaved mixed low-quality forest, and its improvement effect were better than the other transformation models.