利用4种肿腿蜂（膜翅目：肿腿蜂科）防治危害新疆野苹果林的苹小吉丁（鞘翅目：吉丁甲科）

摘要

选用4种肿腿蜂(管氏肿腿蜂、白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂、落叶松吉丁肿腿蜂以及苹小吉丁肿腿蜂)，按5种蜂虫比例(0.5∶1，1∶1，2∶1，4∶1，8∶1)，进行新疆野苹果林苹小吉丁套袋防治试验。结果表明：4种肿腿蜂均能成功寄生，而白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂以8∶1比例放蜂后30天，虫口校正减退率为65.56%，优于其他处理。将该肿腿蜂再次按5种放蜂比例直接释放在林间，在放蜂后30，45，60天分次调查防治效果，结果表明：以8∶1放蜂比例的处理，在第60天校正虫口减退率为50.97%，效果最佳。白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂适合在新疆防治苹小吉丁，且效果良好。%To explore the biological control measure of Agrilus mali Matsumura,four species of bethylid wasp in the genus Sclerodermus ( S. pupariae,S. guani and another two species) were used to test their control capacity to pest by bagging with 5 release ratio (parasitoid∶host:0. 5∶1,1∶1,2∶1,4∶1,8∶1). Results showed that,all four wasps were able to successfully parasitize on A. mali,especialy for S. pupariae,which caused 65. 56% reducing rate with release ratio 8∶1 in 30 d. Then S. pupariae was tested by directly releasing on the damaged apple trees with the 5 release ratios. After 30,45 and 60 d,the control effects were checked respectively. The result showed that,the treatment with 8∶1 release ratio,after 60 d performed the best,with 50. 97% corrected mortality. This research provided a successful case by using bethylid wasps to control A. mali,and offered a reference for appropriate release ratio of S. pupariae in the field.