杨干象对12种植物挥发物的电生理及行为反应

摘要

[Objective] To select volatile substances which could significantly repel or lure Cryptorrhynchus lapathi by screening 12 plant volatiles,and provide theoretical basis for production of repellents or attractants to effectively control this pest.[Method] EAG technique was used to exam antennal electrophysiology reactions of C.lapathi to 12 plant volatiles.Substances showed significant difference comparing with control were selected,and the effective concentrations were determined.Y type olfactometer and wind tunnel bioassays were carried out based on the results of EAG experiment.[Result]Six plant volatiles,furfural,benzoic acid,eugenol,nerol,β-cltronellol,and cedar oil,could arouse both male and female adult showing significantly higher EAG reaction (P < 0.05),and the effective concentration was 1 mol·L-1.In Y type olfactometer behavioral response test,furfural (a host plant volatile) showed significantly higher luring effect on female adults of C.lapathi (P < 0.01),and the luring rate was 71.59%.Nerol (a non-host plant volatile) showed significantly higher repelling effect on female adults of C.lapathi (P < 0.01),and the repelling rate was up to 81.5%.In the wind tunnel bioassay,benzoic acid (a host plant volatile) showed significantly higher repelling effect on female C.lapathi,the repelling rate reached 74.68%,and male C.lapathi was significantly repelled by cedar oil (a non-host plant volatile) (P < 0.01),the repelling rate was 78.75%.[Conclusion] Non-host plant volatiles showed slightly higher impact on the behavior of adult C.lapathi than host plant volatiles,and females of C.lapathi were more sensitive to those plant volatiles than males in our tests.Both Y type olfactometer and the wind tunnel bioassays produced ideal results.%[目的] 从12种植物挥发物中筛选出对杨干象成虫具有显著驱避、引诱作用的挥发性物质,并为生产制备驱避引诱剂提供依据,为有效控制杨干象种群奠定基础.[方法] 利用EAG技术对12种植物挥发物质进行触角电生理反应,筛选出与对照差异显著的植物挥发物,再进行浓度梯度筛选.进而,进行Y型嗅觉仪和风洞生物测定.[结果] 糠醛、苯甲酸、丁香酚、橙花醇、香茅醇、香柏油6种植物挥发物在1mol·L-1浓度下均能引起雌雄成虫较强的EAG反应(P<0.05);行为反应测试表明:Y型嗅觉仪生测中1mol·L-1寄主植物挥发物糠醛对杨干象雌虫有明显引诱作用(P<0.01),引诱率达71.59%;1mol·L-1非寄主植物挥发物橙花醇对杨干象雌虫具有较强的驱避作用(P<0.01),驱避率高达81.5%.风洞生测中1mol·L-1寄主植物挥发物苯甲酸对杨干象雌虫具有明显驱避作用,驱避率达74.68%.1 mol·L-1非寄主植物挥发物香柏油对杨干象雄虫具有驱避作用(P<0.01),驱避率达78.75%.[结论] 在所选择的挥发物中,非寄主植物挥发物对杨干象成虫的行为影响略高于寄主植物;杨干象雌虫较雄虫对植物源挥发物更敏感;Y型嗅觉仪和风洞生测都获得了比较理想的试验结果.