纳米涂料烤箱烘烤对烟叶细胞壁酶活性及组分和经济性状的影响

摘要

[目的]研究烘烤过程中纳米涂料对烟叶细胞壁主要酶活性、组分和经济性状的影响,为优化烘烤工艺和大面积推广应用提供理论依据.[方法]采用河南农业大学设计的电热式温湿自控密集烤烟箱,研究纳米涂料处理烤箱(处理)和普通烤箱(对照)对烟草上部叶细胞壁生理生化反应和经济性状的影响.[结果]纳米涂料烤箱烘烤烟叶的果胶甲酯酶(PME)、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)及纤维素酶活性峰值分别出现在42、48和38℃,其中PG和纤维素酶活性峰值比对照提前出现,但烘烤后期细胞壁酶活性均比对照偏低.处理的纤维素含量明显高于对照,其中烤后样比对照高12 mg·g~(-1).处理可溶性果胶、原果胶、总果胶含量42℃以后也明显高于对照,其中处理的总果胶含量在42℃最高,为6.34%.处理的上等烟和总产值比对照分别增加7.33%和16.56%,差异均达到极显著水平,同时单叶重比对照增加0.71 g,差异显著.[结论]纳米涂料在烘烤过程中对上部叶细胞壁酶活性.组分和经济性状影响显著,能增加经济效益.%[Objective] The effect of nano coating on the main enzymes activities, components of cell wall and economic characters of tobacco leaves was studied during the flue-curing in order to provide a theoretical basis for optimization of curing technology and its application in large areas. [Method] Differences in physiological and biochemical reactions of cell wall and economic characters of upper leaves between the treatment of nano coating and control were studied by using the electric-heated flue-curing barn designed and made by Henan Agricultural University. [Result] The peaks of the pectin methylesterase, polygalacturonase and cellulase activities appeared at 42℃, 48℃ and 38℃, respectively. The peaks of the PG and cellulase activities appeared earlier than that of the control, but the enzymes activities of cell wall were lower than the control in the later curing. The content of cellulose in treatment was always obviously higher than the control and the cured sample of treatment was 12 mg·g~(-1) higher than the control. The content of soluble pectin, protopectin and total pectin in treatment was also obviously higher than the control when the temperature was higher than 42℃. The highest content of total pectin in treatment was 6.34%, at 42℃. High class leaf and total output value in treatment increased by 7.33% and 16.56% respectively as compared with the control and the differences between them were all highly significant. At the same time the weight per leaf was 0.71 g higher than the control and the difference was significant. [Conclusion] Nano coating had a great effect on enzymes activities and components of cell wall and economic characters of upper leaves. The result showed that it could improve economic benefit. It has provided a reference for further application of curing technology on the basis of the functions of nano coating and the change rules of physiological and biochemical reactions of cells of tobacco leaves with nano coating barn treatment.