日粮代谢能和蛋白质水平对30-39周龄岭南黄羽肉种鸡繁殖性能的影响

摘要

[Objective] This experiment was conducted to investigate different dietary levels of metabolizable energy and crude protein on performance of Lingnan Yellow-Feathered Broiler Breeders. [Method] A total of 1 134 30-week-old Lingnan Yellow-Feathered Broiler Breeders were randomly assigned into 3×3 factorial dietary treatments with 3 dietary metabolizable energy (ME) levels at 11.09, 11.51, and 11.92 MJ·kg-1 and 3 crude protein (CP) levels at 15.5%, 16.5%, and 17.5%. Each dietary treatment had 6 replicates with 21 birds per replicate. Experimental birds were fed 130 g of diet per bird every day. Growth performance, laying performance, and egg incubation indicators were determined. The trial lasted for 10 weeks. [Result] Broiler breeders fed 11.92 MJ·kg-1 ME diet had significantly greater weight gain and lower FCR (feed intake/egg mass ratio) when compared with birds of other ME groups (P 0.05). An increase in dietary ME from 11.09 to 11.92 MJ·kg-1 of diet significantly improved egg production, average egg weight, and daily egg mass (P<0.05). Diet containing 16.5% CP or 17.5% CP significantly increased the average egg weight and reduced the egg breakage of broiler breeders (P<0.05) compared to 15.5% CP treatment. There was a significant interaction between ME and CP levels on unqualified egg percentage and hatchability (P<0.05). Chick birth weight was significantly improved by dietary 11.92 MJ·kg-1 ME and 16.5% CP treatments when compared to 11.09 MJ·kg-1 ME treatment and 15.5% CP treatment, repectively (P< 0.05). [Conclusion] The results indicated that the optimal dietary ME and CP level for Yellow-Feathered Broiler Breeders at 30-39-week of age was 11.92 MJ·kg-1 and 16.5%, respectively, whose ME and CP requirements as units per hen per day was estimated to be 1.55 MJ and 21.45 g, respectively.%[目的]研究日粮中不同代谢能(ME)和蛋白质(CP)水平对产蛋高峰期(30-39周龄)岭南黄羽肉种鸡生长性能、产蛋性能和孵化性能的影响.[方法]采用3(ME:11.09、11.51和11.92 MJ·kg-1)×3(CP:15.5％、16.5％和17.5％)两因子试验设计,选取1134只健康的30周龄快大型岭南黄羽父母代肉种鸡,随机分成9组,每组6个重复,每个重复21只.试验期10周.统计各个重复的体增重、料蛋比、产蛋率、日产蛋重、平均蛋重、种蛋破损率、不合格蛋比率、受精率、18日活胚率、孵化率和健雏率.[结果](1)11.92 MJ.kg-1ME处理组试验鸡只的体增重显著高于11.51MJ·kg-1ME处理组(P＜0.05),极显著高于11.09 MJ·kg-1 ME 处理组(P＜0.01),其料蛋比显著低于11.51和11.09 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组(P＜0.05)；而CP水平对试验鸡只的体增重和料蛋比无显著性影响(P＞0.05)；(2)产蛋性能:11.92 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组产蛋率和日产蛋重最高(P＜ 0.01)；11.51和11.92 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组平均蛋重显著高于11.09 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组(P＜0.05); 11.92 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组种蛋破损率也高于11.51和11.09 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组(P＜0.05)；不合格蛋比率以11.09 MJ·kg-1ME 处理组最高(P＜0.05),ME和CP水平对试验鸡只不合格蛋比率具有显著的互作效应(P＜ 0.05)；与CP 15.5％处理组相比,日粮CP水平为16.5％和17.5％时,显著提高了平均蛋重,并显著降低了种蛋破损率(P＜0.05)；(3)孵化指标:日粮ME为11.92 MJ·kg-1或CP为16.5％时,雏鸡初生重显著高于其它处理组(P＜0.05),但各处理组的受精率、18日活胚率、孵化率和健雏率均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).[结论]30-39周龄岭南黄羽肉种鸡获得最佳繁殖性能的日粮适宜ME和CP水平分别为11.92MJ·kg-1和16.5％,每日ME和CP需要量分别为1.55 MJ和21.45 g.