菲和芘胁迫对平邑甜茶根毛细胞钙、钾和氢离子流动性的影响

摘要

[Objective] The objective of this study is to prove PAHs to the plant growth mechanism, and the difference in substances poisoning effect of different PAHs. [Method] The Non-invasive Micro-test Technique was used to measure in Malus hupehensi sweet tea seedling root treated by using the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene and pyrene treated Ca2 +, K +and H +velocity variation. [Result] The Ca2+, K+and H +liquidity dramatically reversed by contrasting from (-63.53±9.30) pmol·cm-2·s-1, (-60.56±14.56 ) pmol·cm-2·s-1, (+44.38±5.19 ) pmo·cm-2·s-1, changing to (+127.18±39.95) pmol·cm-2·s-1, (109.97±25.68) pmol·cm-2·s-1, and (-10.35±1.57 ) pmol·cm-2·s-1) treated with phenanthrene; and treated with pyrene, the Ca2+ , K+and H +liquidity was reversed by changing to (+220.29±60.42) pmo·cm-2·s-1,(140.21±27.87) pmol·cm-2·s-1, and(-14.42±3.16) pmol·cm-2·s-1.[Conclusion]PAHs can destroy the cell membrane permeability, reduce the ion channel activity and disturb the Ca2+and K + ion absorption process of M. hupehensis, thus resulting in the lack of relevant elements, and pyrene can cause poisoning effect which is significantly higher than phenanthrene, and PAHs toxic to plants has become one of the mechanism. The conclusion was that the influence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon on plant growth can be traced back to ion absorption and ion channel change for further study the influence of PAHs on plants and provide a theoretical basis of the influence.%[目的]探明多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons，PAHs)对植物生长毒害的机理，以及PAHs中不同物质毒害效应的差异。[方法]采用非损伤微测技术测定平邑甜茶幼苗根毛经多环芳烃菲和芘处理后Ca2+、K+、H+流速变化。[结果]经过菲处理后，Ca2+、K+、H+流动性发生明显逆转，平均流速由对照的（-63.53±9.30） pmol·cm-2·s-1、（-60.56±14.56） pmol·cm-2·s-1、（+44.38±5.19） pmol·cm-2·s-1分别改变为(+127.18±39.95) pmol·cm-2·s-1、(+109.97±25.68) pmol·cm-2·s-1、(-10.35±1.57) pmol·cm-2·s-1。经芘处理后，Ca2+、K+、H+流动性同样发生逆转，平均流速分别改变为（+220.29±60.42） pmol·cm-2·s-1、（+140.21±27.87） pmol·cm-2·s-1)、（-14.42±3.16） pmol·cm-2·s-1。[结论]PAHs破坏了细胞膜通透性，降低了离子通道活性，活化了根细胞质膜 Ca2+-ATPase及 Ca2+/ H+反向转运体，扰乱了平邑甜茶根系对Ca2+、K+离子的吸收过程，造成相应元素缺失，并且芘造成的毒害效应显著高于菲，成为PAHs毒害植物体的机理之一。说明多环芳烃对植物生长的影响可以追溯到离子吸收及离子通道的改变上，为进一步研究PAHs对植物影响提供了理论依据。