基于整合视角的中国企业竞争优势分析

摘要

中国企业竞争优势的研究是以单一经营企业竞争优势的研究为起点和核心,逐渐演化出多元化和国际化企业竞争优势的研究.首先从竞争优势外部化、竞争优势内部化、环境与企业互动以及中国企业国际化四个视角,对单一经营企业的竞争优势进行诠释；其次,归纳了影响我国企业采取不相关多元化战略从而不能发挥组合优势的四个因素,即机会导向和制度推动、缺乏有效的外部和内部治理机制、缺乏有效管理模式的支撑以及缺乏有效的资本市场；最后,指出目前研究存在的三个比较明显的弱点是:没有将国内和国际两个市场整合考虑、没有打破“内向企业”和“外向企业”的界定以及没有打破在中国企业国际竞争力研究上由来已久的宏观视角和微观视角的划分.%The study of competitive advantage of Chinese firms develops from a single firm's competitive advantage to diversification and international competitive advantage.First,it analyzes a single firm's competitive advantage based on industry,resource,competitive dynamics and international perspective.Second,it concludes four factors influencing parenting advantage such as opportunity orientation and system promotion,absence in governance mechanism,management mode and capital market.At last,it indicates three limitations that competitive advantage's study hasnt integrated domestic and international market,broken through the limit between domestic and international firms,and neither the division of macro and microcosmic perspectives.