随着全球肉类食品需求的增加,在此类食品生产各环节涉及能源和物质投入的同时,也伴随着大量温室气体的排放,基于生命周期理论对肉类食品生产的碳足迹进行分析对于碳标签在中国的应用及食品碳排放具有重要的约束意义.发达国家在此方面已经进行了前沿的理论研究和实践探索,而我国仍处于起步阶段.本文旨在衡量三种主要肉类食品即牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉在世界主要出口大国如澳大利亚、巴西、日本等国的温室气体(GHG)排放数据(也称碳足迹),以生命周期理论为基础,利用这些国家的研究方法,计算肉类食品系统链的GHG排放数据、探索生命周期理论在计算碳排放的优点和限制,发掘此种方法应用在碳标签上的前景,使消费者增强产品生产对环境影响的意识,以期实现碳减排目标方面产生实质性的作用,同时探索碳标签在引导食品消费上的应用前景,这也成为我国探寻碳标签制度进—步发展的驱动力.%As the global meat demand is increasing,energy and material inputs in all sectors of production for these products are involved,as well as emissions of greenhouse gases.Therefore,it is meaningful to study the food carbon footprint on the life cycle theory and to develop the application of carbon labeling in China in order to lessen carbon emissions in China.Many developed countries have carried forward the theoretical research and practical explorations in this area,for which China is still in the developing stage.This paper is to focus on three main kinds of meat,namely beef,pork and chicken in the world' s major exporting countries such as USA,Australia,Brazil and Japan,to measure the emission data (also known as carbon footprint)based on the life cycle theory,to explore the chain life cycle theory in the calculation of carbon emissions and the advantages and limitations of the method for studying carbon labeling,by using the research methods of these countries and their GHG emission data.The purpose of this paper is to arouse consumers' awareness of environmental carbon impact and to explore the carbon label prospects in guiding low-carbon consumption,which is the driving force of China to explore the further developments of the carbon label system.
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