不明确监测目标的特性对微地震监测的技术路线,甚至每一细节影响极大.由于观测点与目标由固体远隔,微地震监测和检验的可靠性比监测隐形航空器和航海器还要艰难.微地震最重要的两个特性是微小且通常是剪切破裂或具有剪切破裂成分,这与爆炸或天然大震甚至地方小震有重大差别.微地震监测的中心任务是使用三分量的地震台网,在仪器研制、数据采集、去噪、计算与解释中,尽力获得和提高有效信噪比.当前微地震监测最关键的是可行可靠的数据采集,尤其在地面.讨论并列举了其他挑战,尤其是井中邻近监测的可靠性.%Understanding the microseismic features has a colossal impact on the reliability and practicability of a microseismic detection whether or not one understands the microseismic features.Microseismic detections may be much harder than those of invisible aircrafts and ships.There are two important characteristics of microseismic events as detected targets:micro or tiny,and shear fracture or with shear components.That is,in general,they are greatly different from the man-made explosions,and natural earthquakes observed.The central task in microseismic detections should be,within developing special seismometers,data acquisition,denoising,calculation,and interpretation,etc,to try our best,to avoid,identify,and remove useless noise,and to enhance the ratio of signal to noise.For the purpose,currently,the first and biggest trouble in the detections,is data acquisition,especially on the surface.Also the other challenges was discussed and listed,especially the reliability of the detection in borehole for hydro-fracture stimulation.
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