淀粉预处理对反相乳液法合成高吸水树脂的影响

摘要

分别以热糊化（HGL）和机械活化（MAC）木薯淀粉（st）为母体，丙烯酸（AA）为反应单体，通过反相乳液聚合制备淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂。考察了 AA ／st 质量比、引发剂（APS）用量、交联剂（MBIS）用量对淀粉基高吸水树脂吸液能力的影响，并利用红外光谱仪对产品结构进行表征。结果表明，AA 单体成功接枝于 st 上，AA ／st 质量比、APS 用量和 MBIS 用量是影响树脂吸液能力的主要因素。机械活化淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂（MAC －st／AA）与热糊化淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂（HGL －st／AA）相比，APS 用量和 MBIS 用量大大降低，最大吸去离子水倍率增加194．51 g／g，提高了43．14％，最大吸生理盐水倍率增加16．88 g／g，提高了27．1％。由此表明，机械活化预处理技术较热糊化预处理技术对反相乳液法制备淀粉基高吸水树脂可以降低原料用量，减少成本。%The supper absorbent resin of starch grafting acrylic acid was prepared by inverse emulsion pol-ymerization with heating gelatinized cassava starch or mechanical activated cassava starch and acrylic acid (AA)as the raw material.The effects of mass ratio of AA to starch,concentration of initiator (APS) and crosslinking agent (MBIS)on absorbency of the resins were investigated.The functional groups of the resins were characterized by FT -IR.The results showed that the acrylate monomer was successfully grafted onto starch,and the mass ratio of AA to starch,concentration of initiator and crosslinking agent were the major factors which affected the absorbency of resin.Compared with the heat gelatinized starch graft super absorbent,mechanical activated starch grafted acrylate super absorbent had a higher maximum absorption rate of deionized water 194.51 g/g,which improved 43.14%,and a higher maximum absorp-tion rate of normal saline 16.88 g/g,which improved 27.1% Compared with the heat gelatinized pre-treatment technology,the mechanical activation pretreatment technology for preparing starch -based super absorbent resin via inverse emulsion would reduce the consumption of resources and the cost.