尽管生物技术在发展中国家已经得到广泛重视，但是很少有研究关注在不利于生物技术发展的环境中，影响生物技术创新绩效的因素。以我国生物技术中小企业2008-2010年的调研数据为例，文章研究政府R&D支持与企业合作对生物技术创新产出的直接影响与间接影响。研究结果显示，生物技术中小企业与上游单位的合作对其创新产出具有重要作用，与国外公司合作产生的影响大于与国内公司合作产生的影响。通过促进企业内部R&D活动以及与国内上下游企业的合作，政府以项目资金的方式，直接和间接地影响生物技术中小企业的创新。文章研究发现，政府R&D资金支持，与国外高校、科研机构的合作，以及与下游企业的合作均对生物技术中小企业的创新产生重要作用。%The biotechnology industry has gained extensive attention in developing countries, but few studies focus on influencing factors of innovation performance in unfavorable environments. By taking the research data during 2008 and 2010 of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, this paper researches the direct and indirect effects of inter-firm collaborations, and government R&D support to innovation outputs. The results show that up-stream partnerships were significantly associated with the innovation output of biotechnology SMEs, and interna-tional linkages are much stronger than domestic connections. Through the project funding, the government directly and indirectly affects firms' innovation by stimulating internal R&D activities and domestic upstream and down-stream collaborations. The study findings imply the importance of governmental R&D funding, the networking with foreign universities and research institutions as well as downstream partners to the innovation of biotechnolo-gy SMEs.
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