智能交通灯PLC控制实验装置研制

摘要

Some existing experimental models for traffic light controlling are simple and unrealistic which cannot arouse students' interests in study. An intelligent traffic light control experimental apparatus is developed based on PLC. The device uses the touch panel as the master computer, PLC as the control kernel, the photoelectric switch and the sound sensor for vehicle detection, to control traffic lights and nixie tubes. The device not only realizes conventional functions, but also automatically adjusts the time of traffic lights by the vehicle flow in different directions, and can automatically change the working mode of the traffic lights according to real-time situation. Practical application shows that the device can promote students' learning interests and improve their practical ability and creativity. Meanwhile, it can provide reference for the improvement of the traffic light control system in big cities.%由于现有的交通灯控制实验模型形状简单,功能单一,真实感差,教学效果不佳,影响了学生学习的积极性.本文模拟真实的交通灯控制系统,研究开发了一种智能交通灯PLC控制实验装置.该装置采用触摸屏作为上位机,PLC为主要控制核心,光电开关与声音传感器为车辆检测元器件,红绿灯和数码管为主要控制对象.不仅实现了一些常规的控制功能,如东西、南北红黄绿灯循环启动;倒计时显示时间;手动调节红绿灯亮的时间;紧急情况下的让行功能控制等,还能够根据主次干道车辆流量的大小自动调节红绿灯亮的时间;能够根据时间段调节红绿灯工作方式等.经实际应用表明,该装置对学生PLC知识的掌握,提高学生的实践动手能力和创新能力有很好的促进作用,同时也为现实生活中城市交通信号灯控制系统改进提供了一定的借鉴作用.