感生脉冲电信号计时法在弹簧振子实验中的应用

摘要

In order to facilitate the observation of vibration cycle and damping attenuation of spring oscillator, a timing device based on induced pulse signal was designed in which the Faraday law of electromagnetic induction is used. When the spring oscillator with a magnetic is close to or away from the coil, pulse signals will be induced in the coil due to changes of magnetic flux. The computer sound card and virtual software were used to collect the pulse signals. The vibration period and equation of the spring oscillator were obtained by analyzing the number of intervals and researching the relationship between amplitude changes and time. The experiment not only enriches the moving images of the spring oscillator, but also helps students to better understand the spring oscillator.%为了能够便于观察弹簧振子的振动周期与振子的阻尼衰减,设计了感生脉冲信号计时装置.该装置巧妙地利用了法拉弟电磁感应定律:当具有磁性的弹簧振子靠近或远离闭合线圈时,由于磁通量的变化,会在线圈中产生感生脉冲电信号.借助计算机声卡与虚拟软件采集该脉冲电信号.分析该信号的间隔数即可获得弹簧振子的振动周期,研究振幅随时间的变化可获得弹簧振子的振动方程.该实验丰富了弹簧振子的运动图像,给学生提供了感观上的认识.