中国制造业参与全球价值链的程度与方式--基于世界投入产出表的分析

摘要

According to the ratios of vertical specialization including backward-linkage (VS)and forward-linkage (VS1 ),the paper analyzes the levels and ways of participation in global value chain(GVC)of Chinese manufacturing using world input-output tables(WIOTs)from 1995 to 201 1 .It concludes as follows:(1 )the ways of participation in GVC of Chinese manufacturing are mainly backward;(2)Chinese manufacturing mainly engaging in final assembling activities is the downstream of GVC;(3)with the deepening of international division,GVC of Chinese manufacturing is climbing;(4)Chinese manufacturing focuses on a certain production process,meanwhile national value chain is shorter;(5 )the low-medium technology manufacturing is successfully integrated into GVC,while the high technology manufacturing does not achieve higher level of technology;(6 )relative to Chinese manufacturing,the ways of participation in GVC of American manufacturing are mainly backward.%本文利用世界投入产出表数据，构建后向和前向垂直专业化率指标，并据此对中国制造业参与全球价值链的程度与方式进行详细分析。结果表明：（1）中国制造业主要是以后向方式参与全球价值链；（2）中国制造业处于全球价值链的下游位置，主要参与全球价值链中的低端生产环节；（3）伴随着跨国生产分工的深化，中国制造业正由全球价值链低端向中高端攀升；（4）中国制造业主要集中参与全球价值链中的某一个生产环节，且国内价值链的构建和发展相对薄弱；（5）在四类技术类别制造业中，中低技术制造业在全球价值链中处于相对优势地位，但高技术制造业并未实现真正意义上的高技术；（6）相对于中国主要以后向方式参与全球价值链，美国主要是以前向方式参与全球价值链。