网络结构和公共物品自愿供给：一项实验研究

摘要

现实中大多数公共物品的非排他性都受到限制，但在公共物品自愿供给实验研究文献中对此种情况研究较少。本文在经典公共物品自愿供给模型基础上，将社会网络这一因素纳入到模型中，使公共物品消费的非排他性由网络连接所决定，并采用实验经济学方法对公共物品自愿供给行为进行研究。研究结果证实，社会网络结构的差异会显著影响个体自愿供给行为。进一步研究发现，对称正则网络中，个体自愿供给与网络密度负相关但不受聚类系数的影响，网络的正则性对个体极端行为的出现概率产生显著影响。这些结论支持了社会网络对公共物品自愿供给行为存在影响。%In reality,the non-exclusiveness of most public goods are limited,while research on the voluntary contribution of public goods are rare.Based on the classic model of voluntary contribution of public goods,this paper takes into account the social network in which the public goods are non-excludable along social links,with the method of experimental economics to study the impact of social network on individual behavior.The results confirmed that the differences of social network structures can significantly affect the investment behavior in the individual’s voluntary supply.Furthermore,in symmetric regular networks,the individual’s contribution level decreases with the network density but is unrelated to clustering coefficient,and the regularity of the network structure significant influences the extreme behavior of individual.These conclusions support the impact of social networks on the voluntary provision of public goods.