From the perspective of farmer's operation scale and based on a survey data of 395 rice growers of different scales in Hubei Province and applying the stochastic frontier production function, this paper analyzed the difference of technology efficiency of rice production and its influencing factors in different operation scales. Results show that technology efficiency of rice production and farmer's operation scale has a positive relationship: the average technology efficiency of the large-scale operation is the highest, followed by that of the medium-scale operation, and the small-scale operation. The overall average technology efficiency is 71.88%, with a great potential to improve. Among the factors that affect the technology efficiency, age, education, irrigation conditions, and social network have significant influences on small-scale farms, technology training has significant influences on medium-scale farms, and land fragmentation has significant influences on medium and large-scale farms. Furtherly, this paper provides some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the technology efficiency of rice production in China, including: enlarging the rice operation scale moderately, strengthening farmers' human capital through education and technical training, and increasing investment in agricultural water conservancy and farmland consolidation.%基于农户经营规模的视角,利用湖北省395户水稻种植户的调查数据,运用随机前沿模型,探析了不同经营规模农户水稻生产技术效率及其影响因素的差异.研究表明:被调查区域水稻生产技术效率与农户经营规模呈正向变动趋势,大规模组平均技术效率最高,中规模组次之,小规模组最低;总体平均技术效率为71.88%,农户的水稻生产技术效率尚具有较大提升空间.在影响农户生产的技术效率因素中,年龄、受教育程度、灌溉条件、社会网络对小规模农户均有显著的影响,技术培训对中规模组农户有显著影响,土地细碎化对中规模与大规模组农户均具有显著影响.基于此,文章提出适度扩大水稻经营规模,通过教育、技术培训等形式增强农户人力资本,加大农田水利建设和土地整理投资等措施来提升我国水稻生产技术效率的对策建议.
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