数字线估计作为一种重要的数学认知能力,是以内部近似准确的量化标准为依据对实际的线段进行的操作。儿童在数字线估计上的表现是其对“数”精确加工程度的体现。从内涵出发，文章介绍了数字线估计的两个评价指标及其计算方法，评述了数字线估计的五个理论模型和发展趋势，分析了包括数值范围、数数能力、比例知识、空间能力、工作记忆和反馈等因素对其的影响。对于数字线估计内在的发生发展机制和应用价值,文章认为有待进一步的探讨，并提出了可能的方向和方法。%Number line estimation is an important mathematical ability. Based on the mentally and approximately accurate quantitative criteria, number line estimation is an operation carried out on the actual line segment. Children's performance in the number line estimation task is the embodiment of their understanding in numbers. Starting from the definition, the article here has introduced two evaluating indicators and their calculating methods. Five theoretical models and the development trend of number line estimation have been reviewed in detail. Moreover, the effect of numerical scale, counting, proportional knowledge,spatial ability, working memory and feedback on number line estimation has been analyzed as well. Proposed issues including internal mechanisms and application value of number line estimation need further study, and potential directions have been put forward.
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