戊型肝炎病毒感染模型研究进展

摘要

Hepatitis E is an important zoonotic disease caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV)that has high di-versity and many hosts.Due to difficult culture in vitro ,the development of HEV infection model for in-depth study is essential.the establish of an ideal infection model definitely will benefit the study on mecha-nism of replication,pathogenicity and cross-species infection of HEV.Animal models like nonhuman pri-mates,pigs,rabbits and cell culture system are possibly used as infection models.Nonhuman primates are practical models but limitation on cost,availability,manipulate and housing.Pigs and rabbits are relative-ly low cost,easy to manipulate,but only susceptible to genotype 3 and/or type 4.Among these animal model,Mongolian gerbil is the most practical at present.Cell culture systems have now become available, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 and lung cancer cell A549 are the most effective cul-ture system.%戊型肝炎是一种重要的人兽共患传染病，其病原戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）变异性强、宿主范围广。HEV 体外培养难度大，建立感染模型对深入研究 HEV 的复制机理、致病性和跨种系传播等具有重大意义。资料表明恒河猴、黑猩猩、短尾猴等非人灵长类，猪、兔等动物以及传代细胞等均有望作为感染模型。恒河猴、黑猩猩是理想的动物模型，但存在价格高、操作难和医学伦理等问题。猪、兔相对成本低，操作简便，但只感染基因3/4型。动物感染模型中，以长爪沙鼠较为理想。人胚肺二倍体传代细胞系、猪肝脏干细胞系、人肝癌细胞系和肺癌细胞系等均可用于 HEV 培养，以人肝癌细胞系 PLC/PRF/5和肺癌细胞系 A549最为高效。