禽流感病毒宿主特异性与致病性的分子基础研究进展

摘要

禽流感病毒不断重排和变异导致新型流感病毒不断出现，其中有些毒株已经获得了感染哺乳动物的能力，严重危害人类公共卫生安全。近年来，对于禽流感病毒致宿主特异性和致病性的研究取得了一定进展。病毒蛋白某些氨基酸位点的突变就能够改变病毒的宿主特异性，使病毒能够跨宿主传播。而且，病毒的 RNA 聚合酶、NS1非结构蛋白和几种新发现的病毒蛋白都与病毒的致病性密切相关。论文阐述了禽流感病毒宿主特异性与致病性的分子基础，为禽流感跨物种传播机制研究及防控工作提供参考。%Because of the reassortment and mutant,many new avian influenza viruses emerged in these years and several strains have gained the ability to infect mammals,which posed great harm to public health and safety.In recent years,the studies of host specificity and pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses made great progress.Mutation of certain amino acids of virus proteins will be able to change host specificity and enable viruses to spread across different hosts.Moreover,the viral RNA polymerase proteins,NS1 non-structural protein and several newly discovered virus proteins are closely related to virus pathogenicity.This paper de-scribed the molecular basis of host specificity and pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses,which provided an important theoretical basis for cross-species mechanism study and prevention and control of the influen-za viruses.