家庭功能、父母教养方式及夫妻关系对青少年社会适应性的预测

摘要

目的:探讨青少年社会适应性状况以及家庭功能、父母教养方式、父母夫妻关系对社会适应性的预测.方法:采用分层随机取样,抽取452名12-18岁的中学生,用中学生社会适应性量表、家庭功能评定量表、简式父母教养方式问卷及Olson婚姻质量问卷中的两个维度进行调查.结果:①夫妻交流(β=0.098,P＜0.05)、情感温暖(β=0.266,P＜0.001)、沟通(β=-0.240,P＜0.001)对青少年的心理优越感有显著的预测力；②情感温暖( β=0.211,P＜0.001)、沟通(β=-0.177,P＜0.05)对青少年的心理能量有显著的预测力；③情感温暖(β＝0.171,P＜0.01)、问题解决(β=-0.125,P＜0.05)、角色(β=-0.133,P＜0.05)对青少年的人际适应性有显著的预测力；④夫妻交流(β=0.130,P＜0.01)、解决冲突的方式(β＝-0.102,P＜0.05)、过度保护(β=-0.172,P＜0.001)、情感温暖(β=0.167,P＜0.01)、问题解决(β=-0.116,P＜0.05)对青少年的心理弹性有显著的预测力.结论:家庭功能对青少年社会适应性的预测力最大.%Objective: To explore the prediction on famiiy function, parenting styles, parent relationship between husband and wife to adolescents' social adaptability. Methods: By stratified random sampling method, 452 middle school students between 12-18 years old were tested. They were investigated with the scale on social adaptability for secondary school students, Family Assessment device, a short-form of the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran for Chinese and two dimensions of Olson quality of marriage questionnaire. Results: ①Husband and wife exchange (beta=0.098,P<0.05), emotional warmth (beta=0.266, P<.001), communication (beta=-0.240, P<0.001) had significant predictive powers to the adolescents' psychological superiority; ②The emotional warmth (beta=0.21 l,P<0.001), communication (beta=-0.177,P<0.05) had significant predictive powers to the adolescents' mental energy; ③Emotional warmth (beta=0.171,P<0. 01), problem solving (beta=-0.125,P<0.05), the roles (beta=-0.133,P<0.05) had significant predictive powers to the adolescents' interpersonal adaptability; ④Husband and wife exchange (beta = 0.130, P < 0.01), conflict resolution way (beta=-0.102, P<0.05),exeessive protection (beta=-0.172,P<0.001), emotional warmth (beta=0.167,P<0.01), problem solving (beta=-0.116,P<0.05) had significant powers to the adolescents' mental resilience. Conclusion: Family functioning had the biggest predictive power to the adolescents' social adaptability.