作为柔性电子器件的基本构筑元件,有机场效应晶体管(OFETs)近年来受到深入研究并在高性能材料研发和器件多功能应用等方面取得了长足的进展.溶液加工技术以其温和的操作条件和灵活多样的工艺流程,成为实现高性能有机场效应晶体管器件低成本、大面积制备的优良选择.与聚合物相比,小分子有机半导体材料具有较高的固态堆积有序度及紧密程度和材料纯度,更易加工出性能优良的器件.然而小分子材料的成膜性较差,溶液加工潜能欠佳.如何通过不同的溶液加工技术制备取向均一的大面积连续小分子半导体薄膜,进而构筑高性能大面积器件阵列,成为了领域内的研究重点.本文概述了近年来可溶液加工且性能优良的小分子有机半导体材料研究进展,并依据工艺特点,分别介绍了溶液滴注、弯液面引导涂布和打印这三类可实现大面积制备的溶液加工技术,最后对溶液法大面积制备有机小分子场效应晶体管领域的发展前景进行了展望.%Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) as the primary building blocks of flexible electronics have been intensively studied,and considerable progresses on high performance materials development and multifunctional application have been recently made.Attributed to mild operating conditions and versatile manufacturing processes,solution process technologies become the appreciable choice for large-scale,low-cost OFETs fabrication.Compared with conjugated polymers,small molecular organic semiconductors reach a high degree of stacking density,ordering degree and material purity,which facilitate high performance devices fabrication.However,small molecular semiconductors bear poor film-forming ability,which hinders its solution processing technology development.Consequently,how to fabricate homogeneous,large area,well-defined small molecular semiconductors film,and large-scale,high performance devices array by different solution processing technologies becomes the hotspot in this field.This review provides a brief overview of recent advances in the solution processable small molecular organic semiconductors with high performance.Besides,according to the technology characteristics,the large-scale OFETs solution processing technologies are classified into drop casting,,meniscus guided coating,and printing.Finally,the prospects and challenge for solution processed large-scale small molecular OFETs are also discussed.
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