概述了全球激光测月LLR(Lunar Laser Ranging)工作的发展现状,包括地面台站与月面反射器情况、观测资料与数据格式,并对全球几个主要的激光测月系统进行了对比分析;重点介绍了Apache Point的LLR站有关技术和观测情况,对影响观测结果精度的各因素做了分析.总结了近40年来通过激光测月技术获得的研究成果,包括对引力理论的检验、测定台站和反射器的坐标、地球自转参数、星历表、月球物理参数、内部结构与天平动以及月球潮汐等方面的成果,并介绍了我国在相关领域开展工作的情况,最后对测月工作进行了展望.%The development of global lunar laser ranging (LLR) is reviewed briefly, including the statues of the stations and lunar retro-reflectors, the available data and their three formats, and comparison of the LLR systems. The technique used in the LLR system at Apache Point is introduced, and the factors dominating the observation precision are analyzed. In the second part, the scientific studies from the LLR data is summarized, including testing of the gravitation theories, determining the terrestrial coordinates of stations and lunar coordinates of retro-reflectors, monitoring the earth orientation parameters, improving the planetary/lunar ephemerides, solving the parameters of lunar physics, studying the lunar libration and the physics interior the Moon, as well as the lunar tides, etc. The statues of the techniques development and experiments in laser ranging in China are introduced in the third part, and the effort to extend the SLR techniques to LLR observation in Chinese stations is also encouraged and prospected.
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