从安全审评角度看核电站数字化仪控设计

摘要

The comprehensive consideration for designing digitized instrumentation and control (I&C) for nuclear power plant (NPP) is studied from the perspective of safety review. Based on the standard review plan (SRP) from the United State Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) and the practice review from domestic NPP, the conclusion about introducing digitized nuclear I&C systems is summarized, i. e. , diversity and defense-in-depth should be considered firstly and then secondly, the functions of each system should be designed with digitized features. In addition, the performance design of I&C system, the safety requirement of the whole system and the ultimate means to monitor the status of the reactor should be considered. Through the diversity design of the system, and based on the diversity and defense-in-depth requirement, the adoption of digitizing technology will not reduce the safety level of I&C design for NPP.%从核安全审评的角度对核电站数字化仪表和控制(仪控)设计进行了综合考虑和研究.在结合美国核管会审评要求以及国内核电厂审评实践的基础上,总结出数字化引进核电站仪表和控制系统应首先考虑多样性和纵深防御；其次才是结合数字化特征进行各个系统功能的设计；同时,也要考虑仪表和控制系统的性能设计要求、全系统的安全要求以及监视反应堆状态的最终手段.只有通过多样化系统的设计,才能在满足多样性和纵深防御的要求基础上,使核电站仪控设计的安全水平不会由于数字化的引入而导致安全水平的降低.