银纳米颗粒的晶格畸变研究

摘要

采用水热还原法,以硝酸银(AgNO3)为前驱物,十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)为表面修饰剂,水合肼(N2H4·H2O)为还原剂,制备出了银纳米颗粒.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和选区电子衍射(SAED)对样品的晶体结构、形貌、粒径及其分布特性进行了表征,并研究了晶格畸变.结果表明:样品的晶体结构为面心立方,晶态是多晶体,形貌为不规则类球形颗粒.同时研究了晶格结构,发现晶格结构发生了畸变,表现为晶格膨胀.粒径分布在40～60 nm范围,平均粒径为50 nm.%Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal reduction method, using silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) as the precursor, sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) as the dressing agent and hydrazine hydrate( N2H4 · H20) as the reductive agent. The samples were characterized by X -ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microcopy (TEM) and the corresponding selected- area electron diffraction (SAED) to determine the crystal structure, morphology, particle size and distribution. The experiment results indicate that the samples, polycrystalline, are regular spherical particles with face - centered cubic structure.Meanwhile, in terms of lattice stvucture, lattice erpansion has taken place. Besides, the particle size of the samples is distributed from 40 nm to 60 nm with an average particle size of 50 nm.